यस्ता सफ्टवेयरहरुका बारेमा कुरा गर्दैछु जसका बारेमा कमैलाई थाहा छ तर अति नै उपयोगी छन् र, जसको प्रयोगले तपाईको कम्प्युटर सजिलो र छिटो पनि हुन्छ । रमाइलो कुरा त यो छ कि अति नै उपयोगी भएपनि यी सफ्टवेयरहरुले कम्प्युटरमा बढि स्पेस लिदैनन् । यसलाई तपाईले माइक्रोसफ्टको पुरानो भर्सनहरु देखि लिएर नयाँ विन्डोज 10 मा पनि मज्जाले प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुनेछ । तपाईलाई कुन सफ्टवेयर आवश्यक छ, तल हेर्नुहोस् ।
Showing posts with label बिज्ञान प्रविधि. Show all posts
Showing posts with label बिज्ञान प्रविधि. Show all posts
Saturday, December 9, 2017
Computer Some Softwares
यस्ता सफ्टवेयरहरुका बारेमा कुरा गर्दैछु जसका बारेमा कमैलाई थाहा छ तर अति नै उपयोगी छन् र, जसको प्रयोगले तपाईको कम्प्युटर सजिलो र छिटो पनि हुन्छ । रमाइलो कुरा त यो छ कि अति नै उपयोगी भएपनि यी सफ्टवेयरहरुले कम्प्युटरमा बढि स्पेस लिदैनन् । यसलाई तपाईले माइक्रोसफ्टको पुरानो भर्सनहरु देखि लिएर नयाँ विन्डोज 10 मा पनि मज्जाले प्रयोग गर्न सक्नुहुनेछ । तपाईलाई कुन सफ्टवेयर आवश्यक छ, तल हेर्नुहोस् ।
Saturday, September 30, 2017
Atom Bomb
It is nuclear war-weapon and is based upon the uncontrolled nuclear chain reaction. The atomic bomb works by a physical phenomenon known as fission. In this case, particles, specifically nuclei, are split and great amounts of energy are released. This energy is expelled explosively and violently in the atomic bomb. The massive power behind the reaction in an atomic bomb arises from the forces that hold the atom together called the strong nuclear force.
The element used in atomic bombs is Uranium-235. Uranium's atoms are unusually large, and henceforth, it is hard for them to hold together firmly. This makes Uranium-235 an exceptional candidate for nuclear fission. Uranium is a heavy metal and has many more neutrons than protons. This does not enhance their capacity to split, but it does have an important bearing on their capacity to facilitate an explosion.
Uranium is not the only material used for making atomic bombs. Another material is the element Plutonium, in its isotope Pu-239. However, Plutonium will not start a fast chain reaction by itself. The material is not fissionable in and of itself, but may act as a catalyst to the greater reaction. The bomb basically works with a detonating head starting off the explosive chain reaction.
The Chain Reaction
When a uranium or other suitable nucleus fission's, it breaks up into a pair of nuclear fragments and releases energy. At the same time, the nucleus emits very quickly a number of fast neutrons, the same type of particle that initiated the fission of the uranium nucleus. This makes it possible to achieve a self-sustaining series of nuclear fission's; the neutrons that are emitted in fission produce a chain reaction, with continuous release of energy.
Fission of uranium 235 nucleus.
When a U-235 atom splits, it gives off energy in the form of heat and Gamma radiation, which is the most powerful form of radioactivity and the most lethal. When this reaction occurs, the split atom will also give off two or three of its "spare" neutrons, which are not needed to make either of the parts after splitting. These spare neutrons fly out with sufficient force to split other atoms they come in contact with. In theory, it is necessary to split only one U-235 atom, and the neutrons from this will split other atoms, which will split more...so on and so forth. This progression does not take place arithmetically, but geometrically. All of this will happen within a millionth of a second.
Wednesday, September 13, 2017
The Human Brain

The brain is the most complex organ in the human body. It produces our every thought,action, memory,feeling and experience of the world. This jelly-like mass of tissue, weighing around 1.4 kilograms,contains a staggering one hundred billion nerve cells, or neurons. Each neuron can make contact with tens of thousands of others, via tiny structures called synapses. Our brains from a million new connections for every second of our lives. The pattern and strength of the connections is constantly changing & no two brains are alike. It is in these changing connections that memories are stored, habits learned and personalities shaped,by reinforcing certain patterns of brain activity, and losing others.

While people often speak of their 'grey matter' , the brain also contains white matter. The grey matter is the cell bodies of the neurons, while the white matter is the branching network of thread-like tendrils-called dendrites and axons-that spread out from the cell bodies to connect to other neurons. The brain also has another,more numerous type of cell, called glial cells. These out number neurons ten times over. Once thought to be support cells,they are now know to amplify neutral signals and to be as important as neurons in mental calculations. There are many different types of neuron,only one of which is unique to humans and the other great apes,the so-called spindle cells.
Brain structure is formed partially by genes,but largely by experience. Only relatively recently it was discovered that new brain cells are being born throughout our lives-a process called neurogenesis. The brain has bursts of growth and then periods of consolidation, when excess connections are pruned. The most notable bursts are in the first two or three years of life, during puberty, and also a final burst in young adulthood. How a brain ages also depends on genes and lifestyle too. Exercising the brain and giving it the right diet can be just as important as it is for the rest of the body.
Wednesday, August 23, 2017
मोबाइल,कम्प्युटरमा टाइप गर्नबाट दिक्क हुनुहुन्छ ? अब नेपालीमा बोल्नुस तपाइले बोलेको कुरा नेपाली मै हुन्छ टाइप
गुगलले बोलेको कुरा स्वतः टाइप हुने सेवा यसअघि नै सञ्चालनमा ल्याइसकेको छ । तर अबदेखि नेपालीमै बोल्दा पनि आफैँ टाइप हुने सेवा गुगलले सञ्चालनमा ल्याएको छ । गुगलको एप्लिकेसन एन्ड्रोइड किबोर्डमार्फत अब सम्पूर्ण नेपालीले नेपाली भाषामा बोलेको कुरा स्वतः टाइप हुने सेवाको भरपुर उपयोग गर्न सक्नेछन् । यसले किबोर्ड थिचेर टाइप गर्ने झन्झटबाट मुक्त गर्नेछ । गुगलले यो सेवा अंग्रेजी भाषामा धेरै पहिले नै उपलब्ध गराइसकेको थियो । धेरै जनसंख्याले बोल्ने अन्य भाषामा पनि यो सेवा उपलब्ध थियो तर नेपालीमा थिएन ।
गुगलले सोमबार थप ३० वटा भाषामा यो सेवा उपलब्ध गराएपछि नेपाली बोल्ने प्रयोगकर्तालाई यो सुविधा उपलब्ध भएको छ । अब बोलेको कुरा टाइप गर्न, बोलेर कुनै कुरा गुगलमै खोज्न सजिलो भएको छ । अब यो सेवा विश्वका १ सय १९ भाषामा उपलब्ध छ । थपिने नयाँ भाषाहरुमा भारतका क्षेत्रीय भाषाहरु पनि छन् । अब तमिल, तेलेगु, मराठी, मलायम, कन्नाड र बंगालीजस्ता भाषामा पनि यो सेवा उपलब्ध छ । बोलेको कुरा स्वतः टाइप हुने बनाउन गुगलले निकै मिहिनेत गरेको छ । यसका लागि उसले नेपालीभाषीहरुलाई उनीहरुले मुख्यमुख्य शब्दहरु कसरी बोल्छन् भनी नमूना संकलन गरेको थियो । त्यही आधारमा उसले मेसिन तयार गरी आफैँ टाइप हुने सुविधा तयार गरेको हो ।
यो सेवा प्रयोग गर्न गुगल प्ले स्टोरमा गई द गुगल किबोर्ड सर्च गरी गुगल किबोर्ड एप डाउनलोड गर्नुपर्छ । यो किबोर्ड डाउनलोड गरेपछि त्यहाँ आवाजमा बोलेको कुरा स्वतः टाइप हुने सेवा प्रयोग गर्न पाइन्छ । टाइप भएको कुरा कपी गरी सोसल मिडिया तथा इमेलमा पेस्ट गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ ।
Friday, June 9, 2017
INFORMATION ABOUT EARTH
By Admin, 2017-06-09 Friday
The earth is an oblate spheroid(ball flattened at the poles), i.e. almost spherical, flattened a little at the poles,and with a slight bulge at the centre(equator). The spinning(rotating)of the earth at a high speed as caused its mass to bulge at the equator and sinking at the poles.
STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH
The earth is made up of a number of concentric layers of material as in the bulb of a onion.
These Layers are

↬ Crust
↬ Mantle
↬ Outer Core
↬ Inner Core
COMPOSITION OF THE EARTH
The earth is made up of more than 100 different elements. The important ones are:
Oxygen 46.6 %
Silicon 27.72 %
Aluminum 8.13 %
Iron 5.00 %
Calcium 3.63 %
Sodium 2.83 %
Potassium 2.70 %
Magnesium 2.09 %
Others 1.3 %
The earth has four distinct spheres:
1. Lithosphere: Top crust which includes land surface and ocean floor.
2. Hydrosphere: Water surface which includes oceans, seas, rivers and lakes.
3. Atmosphere: The cover of air that envelops the earth's surface.
4. Biosphere: The region where life exists.
THE EARTH DIAMETER
At the equator:
12,756.2 km
At the poles:
12,713.54 km
Mean diameter:
12,734 km
Equatorial radius:
6,377 km
Total surface area: 509,700,000 sq.km
Total land area(29.08%): 148,400,000 sq.km
Total water area(70.92%): 361,300,000 sq.km
Mean distance from the sun:1,49,407,000 sq.km
Time for rotation on its own axis: 23 hrs, 56 min & 4.09 sec
Period for revolution around sun: 365 days, 6 hrs, 9 min & 9.54 sec
EARTH'S MOVEMENTS
The earth has two types of movements: Rotation: The earth spins on its own imaginary axis from west to east once in 24 hours. It is also called diurnal or dally motion,which causes the formation of day and night.
Longest days & Nights
Northern hemisphere:
* longest day: June 21
* shortest day: Dec 21
Southern hemisphere:
* shortest night: Dec22
* longest night: Jun 21
Days and nights are equal at the equator throughout the year because the circle of illumination always divides the equator into equal parts.
The earth is an oblate spheroid(ball flattened at the poles), i.e. almost spherical, flattened a little at the poles,and with a slight bulge at the centre(equator). The spinning(rotating)of the earth at a high speed as caused its mass to bulge at the equator and sinking at the poles.
STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH
The earth is made up of a number of concentric layers of material as in the bulb of a onion.
These Layers are

↬ Crust
↬ Mantle
↬ Outer Core
↬ Inner Core
COMPOSITION OF THE EARTH
The earth is made up of more than 100 different elements. The important ones are:
Oxygen 46.6 %
Silicon 27.72 %
Aluminum 8.13 %
Iron 5.00 %
Calcium 3.63 %
Sodium 2.83 %
Potassium 2.70 %
Magnesium 2.09 %
Others 1.3 %
The earth has four distinct spheres:
1. Lithosphere: Top crust which includes land surface and ocean floor.
2. Hydrosphere: Water surface which includes oceans, seas, rivers and lakes.
3. Atmosphere: The cover of air that envelops the earth's surface.
4. Biosphere: The region where life exists.
THE EARTH DIAMETER
At the equator:
12,756.2 km
At the poles:
12,713.54 km
Mean diameter:
12,734 km
Equatorial radius:
6,377 km
Total surface area: 509,700,000 sq.km
Total land area(29.08%): 148,400,000 sq.km
Total water area(70.92%): 361,300,000 sq.km
Mean distance from the sun:1,49,407,000 sq.km
Time for rotation on its own axis: 23 hrs, 56 min & 4.09 sec
Period for revolution around sun: 365 days, 6 hrs, 9 min & 9.54 sec
EARTH'S MOVEMENTS
The earth has two types of movements: Rotation: The earth spins on its own imaginary axis from west to east once in 24 hours. It is also called diurnal or dally motion,which causes the formation of day and night.
Longest days & Nights
Northern hemisphere:
* longest day: June 21
* shortest day: Dec 21
Southern hemisphere:
* shortest night: Dec22
* longest night: Jun 21
Days and nights are equal at the equator throughout the year because the circle of illumination always divides the equator into equal parts.
Tuesday, May 9, 2017
दिमागबारेका केही रोचक तथ्यहरू :

मस्तिष्क मानव शरीरको सबैभन्दा महत्वपूर्ण अंग हो । मस्तिष्कबाटै सबै क्रियाकलाप निर्देशित हुन्छन् र मस्तिष्कले नै शरीरका सबै प्रणालीहरु संचालन गरेको हुन्छ । मस्तिष्क निकै नै संवेदनशील अंग हो र यसमा हुने गडबडीले शारीरिक तथा मानसिक समस्या पैदा गर्छ । मस्तिष्क निकै महत्वपूर्ण अंग हो भन्नेबारेमा त हामी सबैलाई थाहा छ । तर
मस्तिष्कको बनाबट तथा कार्यका विषयमा केही रोचक तथा पत्याउनै नसकिने खालका तथ्यहरु भने जानकारी नहुन
सक्छ । त्यसैले यसबारेमा केही रोचक तथ्यहरू निम्न छन्
सक्छ । त्यसैले यसबारेमा केही रोचक तथ्यहरू निम्न छन्
१. कहिलेकाहीँ टाउको दुख्यो वा तनाव भयो भने मस्तिष्क वा दिमाग नै दुख्यो कि भन्ने भान पर्छ । तर खास कुरो के हो भने मस्तिष्क कहिल्यैपनि दुख्दैन । शरीरका अरु भागमा चोटपटक लाग्दा दुखाइ महसुस हुन्छ यसको कारण ती अंगहरुमा दुखाइको चेतना ग्रहण गर्ने रिसेप्टर हुन्छन् । तर मस्तिष्क कोषमा त्यस्ता रिसेप्टर हुँदैनन् ।अर्थात् अरु अंगको दुखाइको चेतना दिने मस्तिष्कले आफ्नै दुखाइ भने थाहा पाउँदैन ।
२. मस्तिष्कमा यतिधेरै रक्तनली हुन्छन् की सबै रक्तनलीको लम्बाइ जोड्ने हो भने १ लाख माइल हुन्छ । यो सँगै मस्तिष्कमा खरबौँ न्युरोन हुन्छन् । मस्तिष्कले हाम्रो सरीरको १७ प्रतिशत उर्जा खपत गरेको हुन्छ भने २० प्रतिशत अक्सिजन खपत गरेको हुन्छ ।
३. मानिस ननिदाएको बेला मस्तिष्कबाट १० देखि २३ वाट उर्जा निस्किरहेको हुन्छ । यो उर्जा यतिधेरै हो की त्यो बिजुलीको बल्ब बाल्न समेत पर्याप्त हुन्छ ।
४. महिलाको मस्तिष्क भन्दा पुरुषको मस्तिष्क १० प्रतिशत ठूलो हुन्छ । तर सानो भएपनि महिलाको मस्तिष्कमा पुरुषको भन्दा बढि न्युरोन हुन्छन् र महिलाको मस्तिष्क पुरुषको भन्दा बढि कामकाजी वा सक्रिय हुन्छ । महिलाको मस्तिष्कको बायाँ भाग बढि सक्रिय हुन्छ भने पुरुषको दाहिने भाग । सोही कारण महिला बढि संवेदनशील हुन्छन् भने पुरुष तर्कशील ।
५. निदाएको बेला मानिसको दिमाग झनै सक्रिय हुन्छ । सपनामा मानिसको मस्तिष्क उति नै सक्रिय हुन्छ जति विपनामा सो काम गर्दा मस्तिष्क सक्रिय हुन्थ्यो । सामान्य ज्ञान तथा आइक्यूमा राम्रो ज्ञान हुने तथा रुची राख्ने मानिसले बढि सपना देख्छ।
६. मानिस किन हाँस्छ भन्ने कुरा उसलाई पनि थाहा हुँदैन । मान्छे चाहेर मात्रै हाँस्न सक्दैन । हाँस्ने भने कुरा मस्तिष्कले आफै नियन्त्रित गर्ने काम हो । मान्छे केबल रमाइला कुरा सुनेर मात्र हाँसेको हुँदैन । ४ महिनाको बच्चाले हामीले भनेका कुरा तथा गरेको इशारा बुझ्दैन तरपनि एक्लैएक्लै मुस्कुराउँछ ।
७. मस्तिष्क ठूलो हुँदैमा मान्छे बढि अब्बल हुन्छ भन्ने कुरा गलत हो ।
अल्बर्ट आइन्सटाइनको मस्तिष्कको तौल केबल १२३० ग्राम थियो` जब की पुरुषहरुको मस्तिष्कको औषत तौल १४ सय ग्राम हुन्छ । कतिपयले भने मानिसको टाउको जतिठूलो भयो मान्छे उति नै अब्बल हुने बताउँछन् ।
अल्बर्ट आइन्सटाइनको मस्तिष्कको तौल केबल १२३० ग्राम थियो` जब की पुरुषहरुको मस्तिष्कको औषत तौल १४ सय ग्राम हुन्छ । कतिपयले भने मानिसको टाउको जतिठूलो भयो मान्छे उति नै अब्बल हुने बताउँछन् ।
Hydrogen Bomb
शक्तिशाली बम खसालेको थियो जसले तत्काल लाखौ मानवको ज्यान लिएको थियो
साथै उक्त बम यति सम्म शक्तिशाली थियो कि दशकौ यता आएर
आज सम्म पनि त्यहा विभिन्न घातक विकिरणहरु पैदा भइरहेका छन् ।
उक्त खसालिएको बम थियो –
अणु बम (Atom Bomb)
तर यस बम भन्दा पनि २५ हजार गुणा शक्तिशाली बम
वैज्ञानिकहरुले निमार्ण गर्न सफल भएका छन
जुन बम मानव जातिले निमार्ण गरेको एक मात्र शक्तिशाली अत्याधुनिक हतियार हो ।
जसलाइ हाइड्रोजन बम का नामले चिनिन्छ ।

हाइड्रोजन बममा अत्याधिक उर्जा निर्माण गर्न फ्युजन प्रकृया अपनाइन्छ ।
यसमा ट्रिटियम वा ड्युटेरियमजस्ता हाइड्रोजनका
आइसोटोपहरु (एकै तत्व तर फरक पिण्ड भएका परमाणुहरु)
बिभिन्न अवस्थाहरुका कारण
एकै ठाउमा फ्युजन हुन्छ ( गाभिन्छ ) ।
यसरी फ्युजन भएका दुइ परमाणुहरुको पिण्डको जोडभन्दा
गाभिइसकेपछि उत्पादन हुने तत्वको पिण्ड थौरै हुन्छ
यस प्रक्रियामा केहि पिण्ड नाश हुन पुग्दछन ।
यसरी हराएको अथवा नाश भएको पिण्ड
भौतिकशास्त्री अल्बर्ट आइन्स्टाइनको समिकरण
E=mc2 अनुसार अत्याधिक उर्जामा परिणत हुन्छ ।
https://rameshshrestha33.wordpress.com/2017/05/02/hydrogen-bomb/
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